Mold.



DJRACY,

MULO; APPLICATION FILED IULY 1| 914. RENEWED JUNE I6, 1915.

Patented Aug. 3, 1915.

2 SHEETSQSHEET l.

W'ITNESSL'S:

n. TRAC-Y.

MOLD;

APPLICATION FILVED JULY l, 19141 RENEWED MINE 1G. 1915.

1,148,939. Pmnd Aug. 3, 1915.

' and useful Improvements UNITED sTATEs PATENT OFFICE.

DANIEL TRACY, OF GREAT FALLS, MONTANA.

MOLD.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented aug. 3, i915.

Application led July 1, 1914, Serial No. 848,410. Renewed June 16, 1915. Serial Ho. 34.552.

To all 'whom it 'may concern.'

Be -it known that I, DANIEL TRACY, a citizen of the llnited States, residing at Great Falls, in the county of Cascade and State of Montana, have invented certain new in ".Vlolds,y of which the following 1s a full. clear, and exact description. reference being had to the accompanving drawings. forming a part hereof.

My invention has relation to improve,

ments in molds: and it consists in the novel features of construction more fully set forth in the specitication and pointed out in the claims.

Int the drawings, Figure l is an end elevatin of the bottom section of the mold and base thereof (partly broken) showing the application of the pouring ladle thereto; Fig. Q is a vertical middle section of said base and bot'fom section; Fig. 3 is an enlarged side elevation of the mold showing the base and a number of sections thereof assembled, and being partly in section; Fig. al is a horizontal section on the line' 4--4 of Fig. 3; and Fig. 5 is a bottom view of one ot the sections of the `mold following the bottom section of the series. I

The present invention is particularly directed to molds for casting copper billets employed in the manufacture of seamlessl copper tubing.` the principal object sought mit thev pouring. of the fused metal thereinto without the danger of the same splashing against the walls of the mold.

The invention has special significance where applied to deep and narrow molds for making castings whose depth, while the mold is imcasting position. equals or exceeds the diameter of anycross-section through the casting; and it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the casting of copper billets. but contemplates the casting of copper or other metal or composition or combination of metals in forms requiring a deep and narrow mold as above defined.l In casting copper billets it has been the custom to pour the molten copper entirely from above themold. Sometimes the mold was made 'of two sections which were filled in succession. the second section being superposed on the first as soon es the rst section .was filled. the second section oeing immediately ,filled before the metal in the first section had set. The two sections produced one continuous billet and natur# splashing/s in a lthese soliditiedsplashings would be imperfectly absorbed by the casting, and thus constitute flaws called cold-sets which cause the splitting of the copper as the billet. is subsequently being drawn into seamless tubing.

@ne of the objects therefore of the present invention is to eliminate this splashing Y and its harmful effects as described. by providing a mold which will permit the pouring of the metal to be commenced with an ascending stream entering the mold quietly and evenly from the bottom. This ascend ing stream fills the mold to such a 'depth above the bottom that when the pouring l from above is commenced, the descending stream plunges into the liquid copper in the bottom and does not splash. The. pouring from above is of course not always necessary` the invention contemplating eithei` a.- mold in which the pouring may be restricted to an ascending stream entering the :mold from the bottom. or a mold utilizing both,

.the ascending and descending streams as described.

ln the present embodiment of my invention the height of fall or drop of the descending stream (where used) is reduced to such a minimum that allV splashing is climin nated. this entire elimination being impossible with molds'under prevailing practice even where two superposed sections are used i as previously described. the stream in its descent frequently coming 1n contact with the walls of the molds..leaving a little copf per adhering to said walls,`fwhich, as already stated. produces the objectionable cold-sets referred to.

T he manner of overcoming the splashing with the 'descending stream under my invention. is by building up the mold by a series of sections whose height is reduced to a minimum. thus-minimiziug the height through which the stream need be poured. This height, in practice need not exceed nineteen inches, but obviouslgr may be varied according to circumstances; and bdo not Wish to restrict myself to any precise pouring height. v f

The advantages of the invention Will be best apparent from a detailed description thereof which is as folloyvs:

Referring to the drawings, 1 represents:

'is an annular shoulder, boss, or ledge d,

, Which enters the (cylindrical) passage-Way '20 lit is placed; lor the mold, Which-may be of the bottom tubular section 2 of the series of sections-forming the mold proper., said shoulder d serving to center the said sec-- tion 2 about the discharge end of the conduit 0 While said section is resting on the platform The upper end ofthe section 2 terminates in an outer annular shoulder s and an inner i latter being received by a correspondinc' annular recess 15 ofthe next section 3 adapted to be superposed over the section 2, the rim r. serving to center the sec- Yannular rim r the -tion about the axis of the section 2. The

' vvhat, 1t is removed from the mold by slidupper end f of the section 3 in turn engages the top section 4.-, the connections .between the several' sections being uniform throughout, that is to'say the several sections are shouldered to one another, the topmost section being however left plain at thetop as the rim r is not'required. While l have here shown three sections 2, 3, 4, in addition to the base 1, this number may be varied at Will, and even reduced down to a single.

` section (2) depending onthe height of vbilet to be cast. 'lllie'several sections are preferably providefl' with annular peripheral ribs ft for purploses of better handling and strengthening.thesame. In connection with the presenti vention l' employ two ladles L, carried by 'litable hoisting tackle T, suspended fromy a trolley carriage E traversing a rail R, Well understood in 'the art, and here shown in dotted outline merely.

The operation may be described as-fol lows: The tv vo sections or halves of the base l are first assembled and the bottom section 2 of the series of mold sections 1s deposited .on the platform b as shown in Figs. l and 2, the middle and top sections 3, 4, (Where no more are used), being conveniently placed near by in preparation for easy and rapid transferring to their respective-casting positions when desired. The molten copper is then brought from the furnace to the mold in tivo (or more) bnll-ladles L suspended --from the overhead trolley as described, and

the' operator ofione ladle immediately commences pouring from his ladle into the runv l ner-or riser c, causing an ascending stream of copper to rise in the mold section 2. When this ascending stream of copper has covered the bottom of the mold tosuch a depth (my that indicated by the line a: in Fig. 2) that no splashing will occur When the pouring-from above' is started, the operator of theother ladle begins to pour into the mold from above (seeFig. 2). This 'step is preferably begun before the ascending stream stops, and is continued until the llevel of the copper is close to the top edge 'v of section 2, when another operator-quickly places' the section .3 in position. In the a movable carriage (not s. own) is lowered to a proper pou ing posi- Pouring is immediately resumed, the

the-casting has solidified or cooled someing oifthe several cylindrical sections 2, 3, 4, and so forth, and by separating the base l into its two halves.- hecopper which has been solidied in the riser is 'trimmed oill and is returned to the furnace for remelting. It-Will be observed that the upper end of the section 2is substantially ron a level riser o, and the molten metal seeking its'own level Would thus tend to run or back out through the riser. 'This however'does not happen in practiceas the copper freezes in the riser almost immediately aft ceases at that pointLthis being due to the vfactV that the cross-section of the riser is so er pouring not be so far as the present invention is concerned, although a uniformity inthe length is perhaps ordinarily the moet desirable.

I do not of course Wish to limit myself to the precise -zfletails of the mold construction, or any part thereof, the same being susceptible of changes without departing from the nature or spirit of the invention.

Obviously the invention gives rise to a new method of casting, to wit, the pouring of the metal or charge from the bottom and top of the mold in succession; and while in the present illustration the cavity of the mold is such as to produce a casting of uniform cross-section throughout, I do not Wish to be restricted to any particular form of casting, and accordingly Wish to include molds which will produce any configuration, or cross-section of casting desired.

Having described my invention, What l claim is: Y

l. n combination with a mold comprising a series of independent hollow sections l of uniform bore adapted to be assembled and form a continuous mold-cavity, said cavity being chargeable from the bottom and from the top of any given section, a base provided with a passage-Way or riser delivering a rising stream of the charge to be cast through the bottom ofthe .first section of the series, the cross-section of the riser being proportioned to cause a freezing of the charge therein before the charge in the mold reaches the level of the intake end of the riser.

2. A mold comprising a seriesiof superposed removable intercommunicating sections of uniform bore collectively forming a mold-cavity to produce a casting Whose depth for the casting position of the mold is not less than the diameter' of any crosssection through the casting, a base coupled to the bottom mold-section, and provided with a riser or runner traversable by the charge, saidriser operating to direct.' the charge in an ascending stream into and through the bottom of the lowermost moldsection, the upper end of any top mold-section being open to receive a charge through the top upon a given level reached by the ascending stream.

3. mold provided with a cavity chargeable from a pointabove the bottom thereof and forming a casting whose depth for a casting position of the mold is not less than the diameter of any cross-section through the casting, said casting being separable from the mold by a relati ve movement of thel parts in the direction of the axis of the mold, a hollow member chargeable from the top and discharging upwardly into said cavity through the bottom thereof, the dimensions ol said hollow member being proportioned relatively to those of the cavity aforesaid. to cause a freezing of the charge in the hollow member vl'hile the charge in the @avityis still in a liquid condition.

l. A mold provided with a cavity chargeable from the top and forming a casting whose depth for 'a casting position of the mold is not less than the diameter of any cross-section through the casting, said casting being separable from the mold by a relative movement of the parts in the direction of the axis of the mold, a member provided with a passage-way chargeable from the top and discharging upwardly into the cavity through the bottom thereof, the cross-section of the passage-way being proportioned to the dimensions of the cavity to effect a freezing of the charge in the passage-Way while that in the cavity is still in a liquid condition.

5. A mold comprising a series of hollow intercommunicat-ing sections of uniform bore shouldered to one another and detach ably assembled,y means for charging the bottom section of the series through the bottom of said section, the several sections being removable from the casing by a sliding movement of the sections in the line of the axis of the casting.

6. A mold comprising a series of hollow intercommunicating sections of uniform bore shouldered to one another and detach ably assembled, a base comprising a plat" form for supporting the bottom sectian of the series, and a leg or member extending vertically to substantially the height of the bottom section of the series, said leg and platform being provided with a passageway or riser chargeable from the top and discharging upwardly through the bottom of the bottom section of the mold, the crosssection of the riser being proportioned to eii'ect a'freezing of the charge poured there-- into and ente ing the bottom section of the mold, when charge reaches a certain level in said section and is still in a liquid condition therein.

7. A mold provided with a cavity chargeable from a point above the bottom thereof and forming/a casting Whose depth for a castingposition of the mold is not less than the diameter of any cross-section through the casting, a hollow member chargeable from the top and discharging upwardly into said cavity through the bottom thereof, the dimensions of said hollow .member being proportioned relatively to those of the cavity aforesaid` -to cause a freezing of the Acharge in the hollow member While the charge in the cavity is still in a liquid condition.

ln testimony whereof aiix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

DNEL TRACY.

`lWitnesses:v

` Y JOHN tl. nnmncnn, Ros EL La Mom.

Correctln In Lettrs Pater-1t No'. 1,148,939.

1t is hereby certied that in Ltters Patent No. 1,148,939, granted Aug-ust 3, '1915, upon the application of Daniel Tracy, of Great' Falls, improvement n"l\oldsy an erro; appears in the I correction'y :isv follows: Page 1, line 60, for the Word steam Signed and sealed this 7th day of September, A. D, 1915.

'J. T. NEWTON, Acting Uommig'sionr gf Paenisf. 

